Two Different Numbers: Global Adoption and US Liability
These statistics answer two related but separate questions. The global EMVCo figure below measures how widely chip technology has been adopted worldwide, useful context for how far the US has come relative to the rest of the market. The Federal Reserve figures measure something narrower and more consequential for a US merchant: what happens, financially, when a terminal is not compliant, a liability question that has nothing to do with global adoption rates and everything to do with US card-network rules specifically.
The Liability Shift, in the Actual Numbers It Produced
An EMV liability shift is a rule, not a statistic on its own, so the number that matters is what it actually did to fraud liability once it took effect. The Federal Reserve’s October 2018 fraud report shows the shift working as intended: chip-authenticated transactions went from a small share of in-person fraud value in 2015 to more than a quarter of it in 2016, while overall in-person fraud value fell by a fifth over the same period, even as fraud shifted toward the remote, card-not-present channel the shift does not cover.
The Numbers
Globally, 97% of card-based transactions were EMV chip transactions as of the fourth quarter of 2025, per data reported collectively to EMVCo by American Express, Discover, JCB, Mastercard, UnionPay, and Visa. This is a global figure, not a US-specific one.
In the US specifically, 87.5% of in-person general-purpose card payment value used chip technology in 2022, the newest US-specific figure available.
Federal Reserve, Changes in U.S. Payments Fraud from 2012 to 2016
The EMV liability shift took effect in the US in October 2015: after that date, a merchant not using a compliant chip-card reader could be held liable for counterfeit-card fraud a chip transaction would otherwise have prevented.
Federal Reserve, Changes in U.S. Payments Fraud from 2012 to 2016
The share of in-person card fraud value involving chip authentication rose from 3.2% in 2015 to 26.4% in 2016, the direct, measured effect of the October 2015 liability shift.
Federal Reserve, Changes in U.S. Payments Fraud from 2012 to 2016
Total in-person card fraud value fell 20.8% from 2015 to 2016 even as remote and card-not-present fraud value rose over the same period.
Federal Reserve, Changes in U.S. Payments Fraud from 2012 to 2016
Sources
The external data in this article draws on the sources below. Figures described in the text as estimates or industry triangulations are directional and are not attributed to a single dataset.